HTML documents are Web documents in ASCII text format and include your text and HTML markup tags. These tags define the components of your HTML document. HTML documents can be stored on MUSIC and accessed through MUSIC's Web server. Any text editor can be used to create your document. Refer to the topic "Basic HTML Tags" later in this chapter.
Word processing programs such as MicroSoft Word can save or convert
documents as HTML files, reducing the need to learn HTML tags.
See the section "Publishing Web Pages with MUSIC and Netscape"
for information about using a HTML editor and saving your HTML
documents directly to MUSIC.
The Web uses Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) to specify the location of files on servers. The URL specifies the type of resource, the address of the server, and the file name. If the file name is omitted then a default home page for the site is displayed.
A file name on MUSIC includes the userid, a directory path that includes the letters "http", and file type included at the end of the name. The first step in storing Web documents is to create a subdirectory on MUSIC called "HTTP" (this step meets the requirement of "http" being part of each Web document name). This can be done by issuing the command:
The following is an example of a URL for a Web document on MUSIC.
MUSIC's Web server supports many types of Web documents, including
html, image, text, pictures, audio, video, forms, and application
files. Here is a list of some of the accepted types:
Type MIME Types Suffixes
text text/plain txt text etext
binary text/plain atext atxt
text text/html html htm ITS
binary text/html ahtml ahtm
binary image/gif gif
binary image/jpeg jpg jpe jpeg
binary audio/wav wav wave
binary audio/au au
binary audio/x-midi mid
binary image/x-tiff tif tiff
binary video/mpeg mpg mpe mpeg
binary video/quicktime mov
binary video/avi avi
binary application/postscript ps eps ai
binary application/x-rtf wri
binary application/octet-stream EXE bin class
Your site can add any new file types. Contact your systems administrator
if you experience problems.
Examples of URLs
URLs on your system must include the server address (MUSIC domain
name). For example, to see the MUSIC Product Group's home page
the following URL is specified:
An individual's home page need not include the whole address (URL).
For example, a personal home page for a userid of JDOE at the
MUSIC Product Group, who has placed her home page in JDOE:HTTP\INDEX.HTML,
can be accessed by specifying:
For example,
Carriage returns are ignored in HTML documents unless they are a part of a special preformatted <PRE> section. Use <P> to put in blank lines and <BR> to force a line break without a blank line. Multiple blanks are also ignored in most cases.
Your Web Browser decides how to present documents on the screen. Different browsers may interpret the tags in a slightly different manner. Individuals viewing your documents have control over the size of fonts. They may want to enlarge fonts to see your document better or for projection in front of an audience. Text-mode or line-mode browsers show only text lines and no graphics, but will work on just about any workstation.
Sample HTML Document
_____________________________________________________________________________
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>This is the title of my document</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<H1>This is a Major Heading</H1>
This is a sample sentence to show how the formatting works.
The fact that this is on a new line does not matter in HTML.
<P>
The above "P" tag forced a blank line in between the paragraphs.
This line has some <B>bold</B>text
in it as well as some in <I>italics</I>.
<H2>Another heading but not so major as H1</H2>
This one has a link to another place
<A HREF="http://MUSICM.MCGILL.CA/">Click
here for MUSIC's Web site</A>
<P>
Now we will show an image.
<IMG SRC="//www.mcgill.ca/mcgill/mcgill-coa.gif"
ALT="Coat of Arms">
</BODY>
</HTML>
_____________________________________________________________________________
Special Keywords
You can enhance your html documents with useful information that
the HTTPD (Web) server can automatically provide. If you place
in your html document one of the special keywords below, your
Web browser will display the corresponding information.
&&time time of day format: hh:mm:ss &&date1 date in format: Wed Mar 6, 1995 &&date2 USA date format: mm/dd/yy &&date3 date format: 06MAR95 &&date4 European date format: dd/mm/yy &&dayi day of the month as an integer &&daya name of the day of the week &&monthi month of the year as an integer &&montha name of the month &&year year &&count number of times your document is seen &&created creation date in format: Wed Mar 6, 1995 &&read last read date in format: Wed Mar 6, 1995 &&updated last update in format: Wed Mar 6, 1995 &&m1 mail count - new mail &&m2 mail count - old mail &&m3 mail count - acknowledgements waiting &&m4 mail count - unreceived outgoing mail